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Work Permit in Turkey

Work Permit in Turkey: Complete Guide for Foreign Employees, Company Directors & Investors (2026)

A Work Permit in Turkey is the official authorization issued by the Ministry of Labour and Social Security (MoLSS) that allows eligible foreign nationals to work legally in Türkiye. In most cases, a valid Work Permit also grants the right to reside in Türkiye for the duration of its validity.

Many people assume that a Turkish Work Permit is only required for foreign employees hired by Turkish companies. In reality, the legislation also applies to foreign company directors, managers, active shareholders, and investors who intend to manage or actively participate in the operations of a company established in Türkiye.

Because each applicant has a different legal status, the application process is not the same for everyone. The eligibility requirements, supporting documents, evaluation criteria, and application procedures may vary depending on whether the applicant is:

  • A foreign employee
  • A foreign company director
  • A foreign manager
  • An active shareholder
  • A foreign investor establishing or operating a business in Türkiye

The application route also differs depending on the applicant’s circumstances. While many foreign employees may apply from abroad through a Turkish Consulate or, where legally eligible, from within Türkiye, applications for foreign company directors, managers, and active shareholders are generally handled from within Türkiye based on their corporate status and the applicable legislation.

Whether you are expanding your business into Türkiye, hiring international talent, relocating as a company executive, or establishing a new company, understanding the Work Permit process is essential for complying with Turkish labour, immigration, tax, and social security regulations.

This comprehensive guide explains everything you need to know about obtaining a Work Permit in Turkey, including:

  • Who needs a Work Permit
  • Different types of Work Permits
  • Work Permit evaluation criteria
  • Employer requirements
  • Financial and employment criteria
  • Salary thresholds
  • Required documents
  • Step-by-step application procedures
  • Processing times and government fees
  • Renewal procedures
  • Tech Visa and sector-specific exemptions
  • Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

By the end of this guide, you’ll have a clear understanding of how the Turkish Work Permit system works and what is required to prepare a successful application.

📌 Key Highlights

✔ Work Permits in Türkiye are available for foreign employees, company directors, managers, active shareholders, and eligible investors.

✔ Application procedures differ depending on the applicant’s role and whether the application is submitted inside or outside Türkiye.

✔ Employers must satisfy specific employment, financial, tax, and SGK compliance requirements before sponsoring a foreign national.

✔ Every application is evaluated based on statutory criteria, including employment rules, financial capacity, salary thresholds, and company structure.

✔ Certain sectors—including IT, Technology Development Zones (Teknoparks), R&D Centres, strategic investments, and Tech Visa participants—may qualify for special evaluation procedures or exemptions.

💼 Why Trust A&M Consulting Co.?

Navigating Turkish Work Permit regulations can be challenging, particularly for foreign investors and businesses entering the Turkish market for the first time.

At A&M Consulting Co., we assist international companies, entrepreneurs, and foreign professionals with:

  • Work Permit applications
  • Company formation in Türkiye
  • HR and payroll compliance
  • SGK registration
  • Tax and accounting compliance
  • Ongoing corporate advisory services

Our goal is to help clients complete the Work Permit process efficiently while ensuring full compliance with Turkish legislation.

Table of Contents

Work Permit in Turkey at a Glance

Whether you are relocating to Türkiye for employment, establishing a company, or managing an existing business, understanding the Work Permit system is the first step toward legal compliance.

The table below provides a quick overview of the key aspects of obtaining a Work Permit in Türkiye.

CategoryOverview
Issuing AuthorityMinistry of Labour and Social Security (MoLSS)
Who Needs It?Foreign employees, company directors, managers, active shareholders, and eligible investors
Application LocationInside or outside Türkiye, depending on the applicant’s status
Main Evaluation CriteriaEmployment, financial capacity, salary, and company compliance
Typical Processing TimeVaries depending on the application type
ValidityUsually issued for a limited period and renewable, subject to legal requirements
Residence RightsA valid Work Permit generally also serves as a residence permit during its validity
Employer ObligationsTax compliance, SGK registration, payroll, and statutory reporting

Why Understanding the Work Permit Process Matters

Applying for a Turkish Work Permit involves more than simply submitting an application form. Both the employer and the foreign national must satisfy a range of legal requirements, and applications are assessed based on statutory evaluation criteria established by the Ministry.

The applicable rules may differ depending on:

  • The applicant’s role within the company.
  • Whether the applicant is an employee, director, manager, or shareholder.
  • The company’s legal structure.
  • The employer’s financial capacity.
  • The applicant’s profession or industry.
  • Whether sector-specific exemptions apply.

Understanding these requirements before starting the application process can help reduce delays, avoid document deficiencies, and improve the overall quality of the application.

Who Is This Guide For?

This guide is designed for:

👨‍💼 Foreign Employees seeking legal employment in Türkiye.

🏢 Foreign Company Directors appointed to manage Turkish companies.

📈 Foreign Investors establishing or expanding a business in Türkiye.

🤝 Foreign Shareholders actively participating in company management.

💻 Technology Companies & Startups applying under Tech Visa or operating in Technology Development Zones (Teknoparks).

💡 Expert Tip

The application process is not the same for every applicant. A foreign employee, company director, and foreign investor may be subject to different application procedures, documentation requirements, and evaluation criteria. Identifying the correct application route before applying is one of the most important factors for a successful Work Permit application.

📌 Internal References

Within the following sections of this guide, you’ll also learn about:

  • Company Registration in Turkey – Setting up a company before applying for a Work Permit.
  • HR & Payroll Services in Turkey – Employer obligations after approval.
  • Accounting & Bookkeeping Services in Turkey – Maintaining tax and accounting compliance.
  • Tax in Turkey – Corporate and employment tax responsibilities.
  • Certified Public Accountant (CPA) in Turkey – Professional support for employers and investors.

Turkish Work Permit Overview

👤 Applicant
│
▼
Determine Your Status
(Employee • Director • Investor • Shareholder)
│
▼
Choose the Correct Application Route
(Inside or Outside Türkiye)
│
▼
Meet the Evaluation Criteria
(Employment • Financial • Salary • Compliance)
│
▼
Submit Required Documents
│
▼
Ministry Evaluation
│
▼
Work Permit Approval

Who Needs a Work Permit in Turkey?

A Work Permit in Turkey is generally required for any foreign national who intends to work, manage a business, or perform professional activities in Türkiye.

However, the legal requirements differ depending on the applicant’s role. A Work Permit application for a foreign employee is assessed differently from an application submitted by a foreign company director or an active shareholder.

Understanding which category you fall into is the first step toward selecting the correct application route and preparing the required documentation.

Foreign Employees

Most foreign nationals employed by a Turkish company must obtain a Work Permit before starting work.

This category typically includes professionals employed under an employment contract, such as:

  • Engineers
  • Software Developers
  • IT Specialists
  • Sales Managers
  • Marketing Professionals
  • Factory Workers
  • Hospitality Employees
  • Healthcare Professionals
  • Teachers and Academic Staff
  • Consultants

Both the employer and the employee must satisfy the applicable legal requirements before the Work Permit can be approved.

Foreign Company Directors

Foreign nationals appointed as company directors often require a Work Permit if they actively manage or represent a Turkish company.

Typical responsibilities include:

  • Representing the company before public authorities
  • Signing official company documents
  • Managing employees
  • Making executive decisions
  • Conducting commercial activities on behalf of the company

Simply being appointed as a director does not automatically grant the right to work in Türkiye. Where the director actively performs managerial duties, a Work Permit is generally required.

Foreign Company Managers

Foreign nationals employed as General Managers, Operations Managers, Country Managers, or other executive-level managers usually require a Work Permit before undertaking their duties in Türkiye.

The Ministry may consider factors such as:

  • The applicant’s managerial responsibilities
  • Professional qualifications
  • Company structure
  • Salary level
  • Employer compliance

Management positions are also subject to the general Work Permit evaluation criteria unless an exemption applies.

Foreign Company Shareholders

Owning shares in a Turkish company does not automatically require a Work Permit.

However, the situation changes if the shareholder actively participates in the company’s management or daily operations.

For example:

SituationWork Permit Generally Required?
Passive shareholder with no management duties❌ Usually No
Shareholder acting as Company Director✅ Yes
Shareholder acting as General Manager✅ Yes
Shareholder actively managing daily operations✅ Usually Yes

Foreign shareholders applying for a Work Permit are also assessed under specific shareholder evaluation criteria, including minimum shareholding, capital contribution, and company eligibility requirements.

Foreign Investors

Many international investors establish companies in Türkiye to expand their business or enter the Turkish market.

If an investor intends to:

  • Manage the company,
  • Represent the company,
  • Sign official documents,
  • Direct employees,
  • or actively participate in business operations,

a Work Permit may be required depending on the circumstances.

Investors should therefore assess both their immigration status and their intended role within the company before commencing business activities.

Individuals Who May Qualify for Exemptions

Not every foreign national working in Türkiye is required to obtain a standard Work Permit.

Depending on the applicable legislation, certain individuals may qualify for:

  • Work Permit Exemptions
  • Simplified application procedures
  • Sector-specific exemptions
  • Tech Visa incentives
  • Strategic investment incentives

The applicable exemption depends on the applicant’s profession, employer, investment profile, and legal status.

Quick Comparison

ApplicantWork Permit Usually Required?
Foreign Employee✅ Yes
Company Director✅ Yes
General Manager✅ Yes
Active Shareholder✅ Usually Yes
Passive Shareholder❌ Generally No
Foreign Investor Managing the Business✅ Usually Yes

💡 Expert Tip

One of the most common misconceptions is that company shareholders never need a Work Permit. In reality, the determining factor is not ownership itself but whether the individual actively manages or works for the company. Foreign employees, directors, managers, and active shareholders may all be subject to different application procedures and evaluation criteria.

Related Guides

To better understand the requirements for your situation, you may also find these guides helpful:

  • Company Registration in Turkey – Establishing a Turkish company before applying for a Work Permit.
  • HR & Payroll Services in Turkey – Employer obligations after obtaining a Work Permit.
  • Accounting & Bookkeeping Services in Turkey – Maintaining statutory accounting and tax compliance.
  • Tax in Turkey – Understanding employer and employee tax obligations.
  • Certified Public Accountant (CPA) in Turkey – Professional accounting and compliance support.

Work Permit vs Work Visa in Turkey

Although the terms Work Permit and Work Visa are often used interchangeably, they are not the same under Turkish legislation.

A Work Visa allows a foreign national to enter Türkiye for employment purposes, while a Work Permit grants the legal right to work in Türkiye. Depending on the applicant’s circumstances, the Work Permit also serves as a residence permit during its validity.

Understanding the distinction between these two concepts is essential before starting the application process.

What Is a Work Visa?

A Turkish Work Visa is issued by a Turkish Embassy or Consulate to eligible foreign nationals applying from outside Türkiye.

The Work Visa is primarily an entry document that allows the applicant to travel to Türkiye for employment after the Work Permit application has been approved.

A Work Visa does not, by itself, authorize employment. It is issued in connection with an approved Work Permit application.

What Is a Work Permit?

A Work Permit is the legal authorization issued by the Ministry of Labour and Social Security (MoLSS).

It determines whether a foreign national is legally permitted to:

  • Work in Türkiye
  • Manage a Turkish company
  • Hold an executive position
  • Perform professional activities
  • Reside in Türkiye during the permit’s validity

Without a valid Work Permit (or a legal exemption), foreign nationals generally cannot work legally in Türkiye.

Key Differences

Work VisaWork Permit
Issued by a Turkish Embassy or ConsulateIssued by the Ministry of Labour and Social Security
Used for entry into TürkiyeGrants the legal right to work
Applies mainly to applicants outside TürkiyeMay be obtained through different application routes depending on eligibility
Travel documentEmployment authorization
Does not itself authorize employmentAuthorizes legal employment and, in most cases, residence

Which One Do You Need?

The answer depends on where you are applying from and your legal status.

  • If You Are Applying from Outside Türkiye

In many cases, foreign employees begin the process through the relevant Turkish Embassy or Consulate. Following approval of the Work Permit application, a Work Visa is issued to allow entry into Türkiye.

  • If You Are Applying from Within Türkiye

Certain applicants who meet the legal requirements for an in-country application may apply directly from within Türkiye without first obtaining a Work Visa.

This route is commonly relevant for eligible foreign nationals already residing in Türkiye and, depending on the circumstances, for foreign company directors, managers, or active shareholders.

Why This Difference Matters

Choosing the wrong application route can result in:

  • Delays in processing
  • Requests for additional documentation
  • Rejection of the application
  • Unnecessary travel and administrative costs

Before applying, applicants should determine whether their circumstances require a Work Visa, a Work Permit, or both.

💡 Expert Tip

A Work Visa allows you to enter Türkiye for employment purposes, while a Work Permit gives you the legal right to work. Depending on your nationality, residence status, and role within the company, the application process may involve one or both documents.

Related Guides

To better understand the application process, you may also find these resources helpful:

  • Turkey Work Visa — Learn about visa procedures for applicants applying from outside Türkiye.
  • Company Registration in Turkey — Establish a Turkish company before applying for a Work Permit.
  • HR & Payroll Services in Turkey — Understand employer obligations after approval.
  • Tax in Turkey — Learn about employer tax and payroll responsibilities.

📊 Quick Comparison

 
Outside Türkiye
        │
        ▼
Work Visa Application
        │
        ▼
Travel to Türkiye
        │
        ▼
Work in Türkiye

────────────────────────────

Inside Türkiye (Eligible Applicants)
        │
        ▼
Work Permit Application
        │
        ▼
Approval
        │
        ▼
Work & Residence Rights

Where Can You Apply for a Work Permit in Turkey?

The application procedure for a Work Permit in Turkey depends on the applicant’s legal status, current location, and role within the company.

Unlike many countries, Türkiye does not follow a single application process for all foreign nationals. The correct procedure differs depending on whether the applicant is:

  • A foreign employee
  • A company director
  • A company manager
  • An active shareholder
  • A foreign investor

Selecting the correct application route is one of the most important steps in avoiding delays and ensuring a smooth Work Permit process.

Applying from Outside Türkiye

Many first-time foreign employees begin the Work Permit process while they are outside Türkiye.

In these cases, the application generally starts through the relevant Turkish Embassy or Consulate in the applicant’s country of residence. After the employer submits the supporting application in Türkiye and the Ministry approves the request, the applicant is issued a Work Visa, allowing entry into Türkiye for employment.

This route is commonly used by:

  • Foreign professionals recruited from abroad
  • Engineers
  • IT specialists
  • Factory workers
  • Hospitality employees
  • Teachers
  • Healthcare professionals

Applying from Within Türkiye

Certain foreign nationals may apply for a Work Permit from within Türkiye, provided they meet the applicable legal requirements.

This application route is commonly used by:

  • Foreign company directors
  • Foreign general managers
  • Active company shareholders
  • Foreign investors managing their Turkish business
  • Foreign nationals who already hold an eligible residence permit

Because these applications are handled within Türkiye, the supporting corporate documentation plays a significant role in the evaluation process.

Which Application Route Applies to You?

ApplicantTypical Application Route
Foreign Employee (Outside Türkiye)Turkish Embassy or Consulate + Employer Application
Foreign Employee (Eligible Resident in Türkiye)Application from within Türkiye
Company DirectorGenerally from within Türkiye
General ManagerGenerally from within Türkiye
Active ShareholderGenerally from within Türkiye
Foreign Investor Managing a CompanyGenerally from within Türkiye

Choosing the Correct Application Route

Submitting an application through the wrong procedure may result in:

  • Processing delays
  • Requests for additional documents
  • Rejection of the application
  • Additional travel and administrative costs

For this reason, applicants should first determine their legal status before preparing the required documents or submitting a Work Permit application.

💡 Expert Tip

The application procedure for a foreign employee is often different from the procedure followed by a foreign company director or shareholder. Before starting the process, it is important to identify the correct application route based on your role and immigration status.

Related Services

If you are establishing a business or hiring foreign nationals in Türkiye, you may also find these services useful:

  • Company Registration in Turkey – Establish a Turkish company before applying for a Work Permit.
  • HR & Payroll Services in Turkey – Manage employment contracts, payroll, and SGK compliance.
  • Accounting & Bookkeeping Services in Turkey – Maintain statutory accounting records and tax compliance.
  • Tax in Turkey – Understand employer tax obligations and ongoing reporting requirements.
  • Certified Public Accountant (CPA) in Turkey – Receive professional accounting and compliance support throughout the Work Permit process.

Work Permit Evaluation Criteria in Turkey

Every Work Permit application in Turkey is individually assessed by the Ministry of Labour and Social Security (MoLSS). Approval is not based solely on the applicant’s qualifications. Instead, the Ministry evaluates both the foreign national and the employer against a set of statutory criteria.

These evaluation criteria are designed to ensure that employers have the financial capacity to hire foreign personnel, comply with Turkish labour legislation, and contribute to the national economy.

Depending on the applicant’s role and the employer’s business profile, the Ministry may assess:

  • Employment criterion
  • Financial capacity
  • Salary level
  • Company structure
  • Shareholding and investment
  • Sector-specific exemptions
  • Technology and innovation incentives

Understanding these criteria before submitting an application can significantly improve the chances of approval.

Employment Criterion (5:1 Turkish Employee Rule)

One of the most important Work Permit evaluation criteria is the employment requirement, commonly known as the 5:1 Turkish employee rule.

As a general principle, employers are expected to employ at least five Turkish citizens for each foreign national applying for a Work Permit.

However, recent regulations introduced important exceptions for larger businesses.

Exception for Large Companies

Companies with annual net sales of at least TRY 50 million may benefit from a significant exemption.

These companies may employ up to five foreign nationals without meeting the 5:1 Turkish employee requirement.

The employment criterion generally starts to apply from the sixth foreign employee onwards.

This exemption provides greater flexibility for businesses with substantial operations in Türkiye.

Companies That Do Not Meet the Exception

If the employer does not meet the above financial threshold, the general employment rule continues to apply.

In practice, this means that the employer is generally expected to employ five Turkish citizens for each foreign employee included in the application, unless another exemption applies under the relevant legislation.

Financial Capacity Requirements

The Ministry also evaluates whether the employer has sufficient financial resources to employ foreign personnel.

The applicable financial criteria differ depending on whether the company is newly established or already operating.

Newly Established Companies

Companies that have not yet prepared their first annual balance sheet and income statement are generally expected to have:

✅ Minimum paid-up capital of TRY 500,000

This requirement demonstrates that the company has adequate financial resources to support its operations and employment commitments.

Existing Companies

For companies already operating in Türkiye, meeting one of the following financial criteria is generally sufficient:

Financial RequirementMinimum Threshold
Paid-up CapitalTRY 500,000
Annual Net SalesTRY 8,000,000
Annual ExportsUSD 150,000

The revised legislation increased the paid-up capital and turnover thresholds while reducing the export threshold, making export-oriented businesses more competitive.

Why Financial Capacity Matters

Financial capacity is not merely a corporate formality.

The Ministry considers whether the employer is financially capable of:

  • Paying employee salaries
  • Meeting SGK obligations
  • Maintaining business operations
  • Supporting long-term employment

For this reason, maintaining accurate accounting records and up-to-date financial statements is an important part of the Work Permit application process.

💡 Expert Tip

Before submitting a Work Permit application, employers should verify that they satisfy the current employment and financial criteria. Early preparation can help prevent delays, requests for additional documentation, and potential refusals.

Related Services & Guides

To ensure your company is fully prepared before applying for a Work Permit, you may also find these resources helpful:

  • Company Registration in Turkey – Establish a compliant Turkish company.
  • Accounting & Bookkeeping Services in Turkey – Maintain statutory accounting records and financial statements.
  • Tax in Turkey – Understand corporate tax obligations and compliance.
  • HR & Payroll Services in Turkey – Manage payroll, SGK registration, and employment compliance.
  • Certified Public Accountant (CPA) in Turkey – Receive professional accounting and tax advisory support.

📊 Infographic Recommendation

How Work Permit Applications Are Evaluated

 
Work Permit Application
          │
          ▼
Employment Criterion
(5:1 Turkish Employee Rule)
          │
          ▼
Financial Capacity
(Capital • Turnover • Export)
          │
          ▼
Employer Compliance
(Tax • SGK • Accounting)
          │
          ▼
Applicant Assessment
(Role • Qualifications • Salary)
          │
          ▼
Ministry Evaluation
          │
          ▼
Approval or Additional Review

Salary Requirements for a Work Permit in Turkey

One of the key Work Permit evaluation criteria in Turkey is the salary offered to the foreign national. The Ministry of Labour and Social Security assesses whether the proposed remuneration is appropriate for the applicant’s position, qualifications, and responsibilities.

Rather than applying a fixed salary requirement to all applicants, Turkish legislation generally requires employers to offer a minimum gross salary based on the employee’s occupation or job title. These salary thresholds are calculated using the gross monthly minimum wage in effect on the date the Work Permit application is submitted.

Offering a salary below the applicable threshold may result in delays or the rejection of the application.

Minimum Salary Requirements

The table below summarises the minimum salary levels generally required for different positions.

PositionMinimum Gross Salary
Senior Executives & Pilots5 × Gross Minimum Wage
Engineers & Architects4 × Gross Minimum Wage
Managers3 × Gross Minimum Wage
Specialists2 × Gross Minimum Wage
Other Employees1 × Gross Minimum Wage
Domestic Workers1 × Gross Minimum Wage

Note: Salary thresholds are linked to the current gross minimum wage and may change whenever the statutory minimum wage is updated.

How Salary Is Evaluated

When reviewing a Work Permit application, the Ministry considers more than just the numerical salary amount.

Factors that may be taken into account include:

  • The applicant’s position within the company
  • Professional qualifications and experience
  • Industry standards
  • Level of responsibility
  • Nature of the work to be performed
  • Employer’s financial capacity

The proposed salary should be consistent with both the applicant’s role and the employer’s business activities.

Salary Requirements for Company Directors and Shareholders

Foreign company directors, general managers, and active shareholders are also subject to salary assessment where applicable.

The Ministry may evaluate whether the proposed remuneration reflects the applicant’s executive responsibilities and the scale of the business.

For this reason, companies should avoid assigning unrealistically low salaries to executive-level positions, as this may raise questions during the assessment process.

Why Salary Matters

The salary offered to the foreign national is an important indicator that the employment relationship is genuine and commercially reasonable.

Employers should ensure that the proposed remuneration:

  • Meets the applicable legal threshold
  • Reflects the employee’s qualifications
  • Is consistent with the job description
  • Corresponds to the company’s financial capacity

Proper salary planning can help reduce the likelihood of additional document requests or delays during the evaluation process.

💡 Expert Tip

Before submitting a Work Permit application, confirm that the proposed gross salary meets the minimum threshold applicable to the employee’s position. Salary compliance is one of the key factors reviewed during the Ministry’s evaluation.

Related Services & Guides

You may also find these resources helpful:

  • HR & Payroll Services in Turkey – Payroll calculation, SGK registration, and employment compliance.
  • Accounting & Bookkeeping Services in Turkey – Maintain compliant payroll and accounting records.
  • Tax in Turkey – Understand payroll taxes and employer obligations.
  • Certified Public Accountant (CPA) in Turkey – Professional payroll and tax advisory services.

📊 Infographic Recommendation

Minimum Salary Requirements for Work Permit Applications

PositionMinimum Salary
👔 Senior Executive5 × Gross Minimum Wage
🏗️ Engineer / Architect4 × Gross Minimum Wage
👨‍💼 Manager3 × Gross Minimum Wage
🎓 Specialist2 × Gross Minimum Wage
👷 Other Employees1 × Gross Minimum Wage
🏠 Domestic Worker1 × Gross Minimum Wage

Work Permit Criteria for Foreign Company Shareholders

Foreign nationals who establish or invest in a Turkish company are not automatically entitled to work in Türkiye. In many cases, foreign company shareholders who actively participate in the management or day-to-day operations of the company must obtain a Work Permit.

Unlike ordinary employee applications, Work Permit applications submitted by foreign shareholders are evaluated under a separate set of criteria. These criteria focus on the shareholder’s investment, ownership structure, and the company’s financial capacity.

Minimum Shareholding Requirement

As a general rule, a foreign shareholder applying for a Work Permit should hold at least 20% of the company’s paid-up share capital.

This requirement demonstrates that the applicant has a genuine investment in the business rather than merely acting as an employee.

Minimum Capital Contribution

In addition to the ownership percentage, the foreign shareholder is generally expected to make a minimum capital contribution of TRY 500,000.

At the same time, the company’s paid-up capital should also be at least TRY 500,000.

These financial thresholds are intended to ensure that the business has sufficient resources to support its operations and employment obligations.

Employment Criterion for Shareholders

The employment requirement for foreign shareholders differs from the standard employee rule.

For shareholder applications, the 5:1 Turkish employee requirement is generally assessed only during the final six months of the initial Work Permit period, rather than at the time of the first application.

This provides newly established businesses with additional time to build their operations before meeting the employment criterion.

Major Investment Exception

Foreign shareholders making a significant investment may benefit from simplified evaluation criteria.

Where the foreign shareholder’s capital investment reaches USD 100,000, the Ministry may evaluate the application under different rules, and the standard financial and employment criteria may not apply, subject to the applicable legislation.

This exception is particularly relevant for international investors establishing or expanding operations in Türkiye.

Required Corporate Documentation

Applications submitted by foreign shareholders generally require additional corporate documents alongside the standard Work Permit documentation.

These may include:

  • Company’s Trade Registry Gazette
  • Shareholding structure
  • Articles of Association
  • Proof of paid-up capital
  • Board or shareholders’ resolutions (where applicable)
  • Company financial records
  • Tax registration documents

Additional documentation may be requested depending on the nature of the investment and the applicant’s role within the company.

Why Shareholder Applications Are Different

Unlike ordinary employment applications, shareholder applications are assessed not only on the applicant’s qualifications but also on the commercial substance of the investment.

The Ministry may consider:

  • The amount of capital invested
  • The applicant’s ownership percentage
  • The company’s business activities
  • Financial capacity
  • Whether the shareholder actively manages the company
  • The long-term sustainability of the business

For this reason, foreign shareholders should ensure that both the corporate structure and supporting documentation accurately reflect the company’s operations before applying.

Shareholder Criteria at a Glance

RequirementGeneral Rule
Minimum Shareholding20%
Minimum Share CapitalTRY 500,000
Minimum Capital ContributionTRY 500,000
5:1 Turkish Employee RuleGenerally assessed during the last 6 months of the initial permit
Major Investment ExceptionUSD 100,000 investment may qualify for special evaluation

Note: Work Permit applications are assessed individually. Depending on the applicant’s circumstances, investment profile, and the legislation in force at the time of application, additional requirements or exemptions may apply.

💡 Expert Tip

Foreign shareholders often assume that owning a Turkish company automatically grants the right to work. In reality, active involvement in the company’s management generally requires a Work Permit, and the application is evaluated under shareholder-specific criteria rather than the standard employee rules.

Related Services & Guides

If you are establishing or investing in a Turkish company, you may also find these resources helpful:

  • Company Registration in Turkey – Establish a Turkish company as a foreign investor.
  • Online Company Registration in Turkey – Incorporate remotely through a Power of Attorney.
  • Tax in Turkey – Understand the tax obligations of Turkish companies.
  • Accounting & Bookkeeping Services in Turkey – Maintain compliant accounting records and financial statements.
  • HR & Payroll Services in Turkey – Manage payroll and SGK compliance after obtaining a Work Permit.
  • Certified Public Accountant (CPA) in Turkey – Professional tax, accounting, and corporate advisory services.

📊 Infographic Recommendation

Foreign Shareholder Work Permit Requirements

 
Foreign Shareholder
        │
        ▼
Minimum 20% Shareholding
        │
        ▼
TRY 500,000 Capital Contribution
        │
        ▼
Company Paid-up Capital
TRY 500,000+
        │
        ▼
Business Activity Assessment
        │
        ▼
Work Permit Evaluation

Sector-Specific Work Permit Exemptions in Turkey

While most Work Permit applications in Turkey are assessed under the standard employment, financial, and salary criteria, Turkish legislation provides several sector-specific exemptions for industries considered strategically important to the national economy.

These exemptions are designed to encourage innovation, technology investment, research and development, and projects that contribute to economic growth.

Depending on the applicant’s profession, employer, or investment, some of the standard Work Permit criteria may be partially or fully waived.

Information Technology (IT) Professionals

To support the growth of Türkiye’s digital economy, certain highly qualified IT professionals may benefit from simplified Work Permit evaluation procedures.

Examples include:

  • Software Developers
  • Mobile Application Developers
  • Database Administrators
  • Cybersecurity Specialists
  • Cloud Engineers
  • Artificial Intelligence Specialists
  • Data Scientists

For eligible positions, the employment criterion and financial capacity criterion may not apply.

In general, this exemption is limited to two foreign employees per employer.

Technology Development Zones (Teknoparks)

Foreign nationals employed within Technology Development Zones (Teknoparks) or certified Research & Development (R&D) Centres are evaluated under a separate framework.

Where applicable, the Ministry of Industry and Technology provides its opinion during the evaluation process.

For eligible companies, the standard:

  • Employment criterion
  • Financial capacity criterion

are generally not applied.

These exemptions make Teknoparks one of the most attractive environments in Türkiye for technology companies and innovative startups.

Related Guide: Technology Development Zones (Teknoparks) in Turkey

High Technology & Strategic Investments

Projects expected to generate significant economic value may also qualify for special consideration.

Examples include investments that:

  • Introduce advanced technologies
  • Create substantial employment
  • Increase exports
  • Contribute to industrial development
  • Support national investment priorities

Depending on the characteristics of the project, the Ministry may decide to partially or fully waive certain Work Permit evaluation criteria.

Each application is assessed individually.

Public Projects

Foreign nationals employed under:

  • International agreements,
  • Bilateral cooperation projects,
  • Public tenders,
  • Government procurement contracts,

may also benefit from alternative evaluation procedures.

Depending on the applicable legislation, the standard employment and financial criteria may not apply.

Long-Term Residents

Certain foreign nationals with a long history of lawful residence in Türkiye may also qualify for exemptions.

In general, applicants who have legally resided in Türkiye for at least three of the previous five years (excluding student residence permits) may be exempt from certain:

  • Employment criteria
  • Financial capacity requirements

subject to the conditions established by the Ministry.

Why These Exemptions Matter

Sector-specific exemptions are intended to attract:

  • International investment
  • Highly qualified professionals
  • Innovative technology companies
  • Research and development activities
  • Strategic industries

For eligible employers and applicants, these exemptions can significantly simplify the Work Permit application process.

Sector-Specific Exemptions at a Glance

CategoryPossible Exemption
IT ProfessionalsEmployment & financial criteria
Technology Development Zones (Teknoparks)Employment & financial criteria
R&D CentresEmployment & financial criteria
Strategic InvestmentsPartial or full exemption
Public ProjectsAlternative evaluation rules
Long-Term ResidentsEmployment & financial criteria (subject to conditions)

Important: Exemptions are not granted automatically. Eligibility depends on the applicant’s role, employer, project, and the legislation in force at the time of application.

💡 Expert Tip

Technology companies and innovative startups should review available sector-specific exemptions before submitting a Work Permit application. In many cases, these exemptions can simplify the approval process and reduce the standard employer requirements.

Related Services & Guides

If your business operates in a technology or innovation-focused sector, you may also find these resources helpful:

  • Technology Development Zones (Teknoparks) in Turkey
  • Company Registration in Turkey
  • HR & Payroll Services in Turkey
  • Accounting & Bookkeeping Services in Turkey
  • Tax in Turkey
  • Certified Public Accountant (CPA) in Turkey

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Sector-Specific Work Permit Exemptions

 
Work Permit Application
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Does an Exemption Apply?
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IT      Teknopark   R&D Centre
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Simplified Evaluation
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Strategic Investment
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Public Project
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Final Ministry Assessment

Required Documents for a Work Permit in Turkey

Preparing the correct documentation is one of the most important steps in the Work Permit application process. Missing, inconsistent, or outdated documents may delay the evaluation or result in requests for additional information from the Ministry of Labour and Social Security.

The required documents vary depending on:

  • Whether the application is submitted inside or outside Türkiye
  • The applicant’s role (employee, director, manager, or shareholder)
  • The employer’s legal structure
  • The applicant’s nationality
  • The nature of the proposed employment

Although additional documents may be requested in specific cases, most applications require documents from both the foreign applicant and the Turkish employer.

Documents Required from the Foreign Applicant

The foreign national is generally expected to provide documents confirming their identity, qualifications, and legal eligibility for employment in Türkiye.

Typical documents include:

  • Valid passport
  • Passport copy
  • Biometric photographs
  • Employment contract or job offer
  • Diploma or professional qualification (where applicable)
  • Curriculum Vitae (CV)
  • Residence permit (for eligible in-country applications)
  • Additional supporting documents requested by the Ministry

Depending on the applicant’s profession, further documentation such as licences, certificates, or professional registrations may also be required.

Documents Required from the Employer

The employer is responsible for submitting corporate documents demonstrating that the company satisfies the applicable Work Permit criteria.

Typical employer documents include:

  • Tax Registration Certificate
  • Trade Registry Gazette
  • Certificate of Activity
  • Signature Circular
  • Latest financial statements (where applicable)
  • SGK (Social Security) registration records
  • Proof of paid-up capital (where required)
  • Employment information relating to the applicant

Additional documents may be requested depending on the company’s business activities and the type of Work Permit application.

Additional Documents for Company Directors and Shareholders

Applications submitted by foreign company directors, executive managers, or active shareholders often require additional corporate documentation.

Examples include:

  • Shareholding structure
  • Articles of Association
  • Board Resolution or Shareholders’ Resolution
  • Proof of capital contribution
  • Documents confirming the applicant’s management authority

These documents help the Ministry assess both the applicant’s role and the company’s eligibility under the relevant legislation.

Translation and Notarisation Requirements

Documents issued outside Türkiye may need to be:

  • Officially translated into Turkish
  • Notarised in Türkiye
  • Apostilled or legalised, where required under international agreements

The exact requirements depend on the country where the documents were issued and the applicable legal procedures.

Preparing properly certified documents before submission can help prevent unnecessary delays.

Document Checklist

Before submitting a Work Permit application, employers should confirm that:

✔ The applicant’s passport is valid.

✔ All required corporate documents are current.

✔ Financial information is up to date.

✔ Employment details are accurate.

✔ Supporting documents are complete.

✔ Required translations and notarisation have been completed.

A well-prepared application is generally processed more efficiently than one requiring multiple requests for additional documentation.

💡 Expert Tip

Document requirements vary depending on the applicant’s status and the type of Work Permit application. Preparing a complete file before submission can significantly reduce processing delays and improve the overall application experience.

Related Services

To help prepare a compliant Work Permit application, you may also find these services useful:

  • Company Registration in Turkey – For businesses establishing operations before hiring foreign personnel.
  • HR & Payroll Services in Turkey – Employment contracts, payroll setup, and SGK compliance.
  • Accounting & Bookkeeping Services in Turkey – Financial statements and statutory accounting support.
  • Certified Public Accountant (CPA) in Turkey – Professional assistance with corporate documentation and compliance.

How to Apply for a Work Permit in Turkey

The Work Permit application process in Turkey varies depending on whether the application is submitted from inside or outside Türkiye, as well as the applicant’s role within the company.

Although supporting documents and evaluation criteria may differ, most applications follow a similar sequence of steps.

Understanding the process in advance helps employers and foreign nationals prepare the necessary documentation and avoid unnecessary delays.

Step 1 – Determine the Correct Application Route

The first step is identifying which application procedure applies to your situation.

This depends on several factors, including:

  • Whether the applicant is inside or outside Türkiye
  • Whether the applicant is a foreign employee, company director, manager, or shareholder
  • The applicant’s residence status
  • The employer’s legal structure

Choosing the correct application route is essential before preparing any documents.

Step 2 – Prepare the Required Documents

Both the foreign applicant and the employer must prepare the required documentation.

Before submitting the application, ensure that:

  • Personal documents are valid and up to date.
  • Corporate documents are complete.
  • Financial records meet the applicable criteria.
  • Employment information is accurate.
  • Any required translations or notarisation have been completed.

Incomplete documentation is one of the most common reasons for delays.

Step 3 – Submit the Work Permit Application

Once the documentation is complete, the Work Permit application is submitted through the appropriate legal procedure.

Depending on the applicant’s circumstances, the process may begin:

  • Through a Turkish Embassy or Consulate (for eligible overseas applications), or
  • Directly in Türkiye (for eligible in-country applications).

The employer is responsible for completing the corporate part of the application.

Step 4 – Ministry Evaluation

After submission, the Ministry of Labour and Social Security evaluates the application.

During this stage, the Ministry reviews:

  • Employment criteria
  • Financial capacity
  • Salary requirements
  • Corporate compliance
  • Applicant qualifications
  • Supporting documentation

If necessary, additional information or documents may be requested before a final decision is made.

Step 5 – Approval and Work Permit Issuance

If the application satisfies all legal requirements, the Work Permit is approved.

The foreign national may then legally work in Türkiye under the conditions specified in the permit.

For applicants applying from outside Türkiye, the approval is generally followed by the issuance of a Work Visa through the relevant Turkish Embassy or Consulate before travelling to Türkiye.

Step 6 – Employer Compliance After Approval

Receiving a Work Permit is not the final step.

After approval, employers must continue to comply with their ongoing legal obligations, including:

  • SGK (Social Security) registration
  • Payroll processing
  • Salary payments
  • Tax reporting
  • Employment law compliance
  • Renewal applications before the permit expires

Failure to fulfil these obligations may result in administrative penalties or affect future Work Permit applications.

Application Process Overview

StepAction
1Determine the correct application route
2Prepare applicant and employer documents
3Submit the Work Permit application
4Ministry evaluation
5Work Permit approval
6Complete post-approval employer obligations

💡 Expert Tip

Many Work Permit delays are caused by incomplete documentation or choosing the wrong application route. Reviewing the eligibility criteria and preparing all supporting documents before submission can significantly improve the efficiency of the application process.

Recommended Reading

To better understand each stage of the process, you may also find these guides helpful:

  • Company Registration in Turkey – Establish a Turkish company before employing foreign nationals.
  • HR & Payroll Services in Turkey – Payroll, SGK registration, and employment compliance after approval.
  • Accounting & Bookkeeping Services in Turkey – Corporate accounting and financial compliance.
  • Tax in Turkey – Employer tax obligations following recruitment.
  • Turkey Work Visa – Entry procedures for applicants applying from outside Türkiye.

Work Permit Renewal in Turkey

A Work Permit in Turkey is issued for a limited period and must be renewed before it expires if the foreign national intends to continue working legally in Türkiye.

Employers and foreign nationals should monitor the permit’s validity period carefully. Failing to submit a renewal application on time may interrupt the employee’s legal right to work and could require a new application process, depending on the circumstances.

When Should a Work Permit Be Renewed?

Renewal applications should be submitted before the current Work Permit expires, in accordance with the applicable legislation.

Starting the renewal process early allows sufficient time to:

  • Prepare the required documents
  • Verify employer compliance
  • Resolve any outstanding SGK or tax issues
  • Avoid interruptions to the employee’s legal working status

Waiting until the last minute may increase the risk of delays or additional document requests.

Who Can Apply for Renewal?

A Work Permit renewal may generally be requested for:

  • Foreign employees
  • Company directors
  • General managers
  • Active shareholders
  • Foreign investors holding a valid Work Permit

The applicant must continue to satisfy the legal conditions applicable to their category.

Documents Required for Renewal

Although requirements vary depending on the type of application, renewal applications generally require updated information from both the employee and the employer.

Typical documents may include:

From the Foreign National

  • Valid passport
  • Current Work Permit
  • Updated personal information (if applicable)
  • Additional supporting documents requested by the Ministry

From the Employer

  • Updated company records
  • Current SGK information
  • Tax compliance records
  • Payroll information
  • Financial documents, where required

The Ministry may request additional documentation depending on the employer’s activities or the applicant’s position.

Employer Responsibilities During Renewal

Before submitting a renewal application, employers should ensure that they remain compliant with Turkish legislation.

This includes:

  • Maintaining accurate payroll records
  • Keeping SGK registrations up to date
  • Meeting tax filing obligations
  • Paying employee salaries in accordance with legal requirements
  • Continuing to satisfy the applicable Work Permit evaluation criteria

Non-compliance may affect the renewal process.

Renewal Process Overview

StepAction
1Review the Work Permit expiry date
2Update applicant and employer documents
3Confirm employer compliance
4Submit the renewal application
5Ministry evaluation
6Renewal approval

What Happens If the Work Permit Expires?

If a Work Permit expires without a timely renewal application, the foreign national may lose the legal right to work in Türkiye.

Depending on the circumstances and the applicable legislation, this may lead to:

  • Interruption of employment
  • Administrative penalties
  • The need to submit a new Work Permit application
  • Delays in returning to legal employment

For this reason, employers are encouraged to monitor expiry dates and begin the renewal process well in advance.

💡 Expert Tip

Don’t wait until the last few days before your Work Permit expires. Preparing renewal documents early gives employers time to resolve payroll, SGK, or compliance issues before the application is submitted.

Related Services

To support a successful renewal application, you may also find these services helpful:

  • HR & Payroll Services in Turkey – Payroll administration and employment compliance.
  • Accounting & Bookkeeping Services in Turkey – Financial records and statutory reporting.
  • Tax in Turkey – Ongoing employer tax compliance.
  • Certified Public Accountant (CPA) in Turkey – Professional support for renewals and regulatory compliance.

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Bu bölüm doğal olarak aşağıdaki arama sorgularını hedefler:

  • Work Permit renewal in Turkey
  • How to renew a Work Permit in Turkey
  • Turkey Work Permit extension
  • Work Permit renewal process Turkey
  • Renew Turkish Work Permit
  • Work Permit expiry Turkey

Common Work Permit Mistakes and Best Practices

Applying for a Work Permit in Turkey involves more than submitting an application form. Many delays and rejections result from avoidable mistakes, such as incomplete documentation, incorrect application routes, or failure to meet the applicable evaluation criteria.

The following best practices can help employers, foreign employees, company directors, and investors prepare a stronger application.

Mistake vs Best Practice

❌ Common Mistake✅ Best Practice
Assuming every foreign national follows the same application processIdentify whether the applicant is an employee, director, manager, shareholder, or investor before applying.
Applying through the wrong route (inside or outside Türkiye)Confirm the correct application procedure based on the applicant’s immigration status and role.
Submitting incomplete or outdated corporate documentsEnsure that all company records, financial documents, and registrations are current before filing the application.
Offering a salary below the applicable legal thresholdVerify that the proposed gross salary satisfies the minimum requirement for the applicant’s position.
Ignoring employment or financial evaluation criteriaReview the employer’s compliance with employment, capital, turnover, or export requirements before applying.
Assuming company ownership automatically grants the right to workRemember that foreign shareholders actively managing the business generally require a Work Permit.
Waiting until the Work Permit is about to expireBegin preparing renewal documents well in advance to avoid interruptions or delays.
Overlooking sector-specific exemptionsCheck whether the applicant or employer qualifies for exemptions available to IT companies, Teknoparks, R&D Centres, or strategic investments.

How to Improve Your Chances of Approval

Although every application is assessed individually, employers can significantly improve the likelihood of a successful outcome by:

  • Preparing complete and accurate documentation.
  • Confirming eligibility before submitting the application.
  • Reviewing employment, salary, and financial requirements.
  • Ensuring SGK, payroll, and tax records are fully compliant.
  • Monitoring application deadlines and Work Permit validity periods.
  • Seeking professional guidance for complex cases involving shareholders, directors, or strategic investments.

A well-prepared application not only reduces the risk of delays but also helps demonstrate that both the employer and the applicant meet the requirements established under Turkish legislation.

💡 Expert Tip

The most successful Work Permit applications are those that are properly planned before submission. Verifying eligibility, preparing complete documentation, and ensuring employer compliance can prevent many of the issues that commonly delay the approval process.

Related Services

For professional assistance throughout the application process, you may also be interested in:

  • Company Registration in Turkey
  • HR & Payroll Services in Turkey
  • Accounting & Bookkeeping Services in Turkey
  • Tax in Turkey
  • Certified Public Accountant (CPA) in Turkey

FAQs About Work Permit in Turkey

Most foreign nationals who intend to work in Türkiye require a valid Work Permit. This includes foreign employees, company directors, executive managers, and active shareholders who participate in the management of a Turkish company. The exact requirement depends on the applicant’s role and the applicable legislation.

Still Have Questions About Work Permits in Turkey?

Whether you are hiring a foreign employee, relocating an executive, expanding your business into Türkiye, or applying for a Work Permit as a company shareholder, understanding the legal requirements can be challenging.

At A&M Consulting Co., we assist foreign investors, international companies, and individuals throughout every stage of the Work Permit process—from assessing eligibility and preparing documentation to company compliance, payroll, tax, and post-approval obligations.

Our team works closely with employers to ensure applications comply with current Turkish legislation while helping reduce delays caused by incomplete documentation or procedural errors.

Our Work Permit Services Include

✔ Work Permit eligibility assessment

✔ Employee and employer document review

✔ Company compliance verification

✔ Work Permit applications for foreign employees

✔ Work Permit applications for company directors and shareholders

✔ Work Permit renewal support

✔ HR, Payroll, SGK, and employer compliance

✔ Accounting and tax support for foreign-owned companies

Why Choose A&M Consulting Co.?

  • Over 20 years of professional experience
  • End-to-end support for foreign investors and international companies
  • Expertise in Turkish company formation, tax, payroll, and Work Permit procedures
  • English-speaking consultants
  • Practical, business-focused solutions tailored to international clients

Need Professional Assistance?

If you are planning to hire a foreign employee, establish a company in Türkiye, or apply for a Work Permit, our specialists are ready to assist you throughout the process.

Contact A&M Consulting Co. today to discuss your Work Permit application and receive professional guidance tailored to your business needs.

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Abdullah MERCANLI

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